# Hardware & Machines # Systems - [envy](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/envy) - [hupsie](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/hupsie) - [lesie](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/lesie) - [usb wifi dongles](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/usb-wifi-dongles) - [usb drives](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/usb-drives) - [glmark2 benchmark](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/glmark2-benchmark) - [tecra](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/tecra) - [wifi VUmc](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/persoonlijk/page/wifi-vumc) - [lapx](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/lapx) - [lap088](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/lap088) - [sheba](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/sheba) - [amd64](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/amd64) - [Dell Latitude D610 DCC-Studio](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/audio/page/dell-latitude-d610-dcc-studio) - [akoya](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/akoya) - [zbox](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/zbox) - [hpspil](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/hpspil) - [webcams](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/webcams) - [cpu3972](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/cpu3972) - [samsie](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/samsie) - [WeTab](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/wetab) - [nw nb](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/nw-nb) - [asus f2a85-v](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/asus-f2a85-v) - [asus P5Q Pro](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/asus-p5q-pro) - [edup](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/edup) - [aida screen](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/aida-screen) # Lap088 - [specs lap088](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/specs-lap088) - [partitions](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions) - [grub](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/grub) - [repos](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/repos) # Akoya - [partitions akoya](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions-akoya) - [hwinfo akoya](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/hwinfo-akoya) # Partitions akoya Per 1 mei 2010 ``` /dev/sda 75GB 1 ntfs 16GB windows/C boot 3 swap 1GB 4 extndd 50GB 8 ext3 16GB / SnowyWindOSX 5 ext4 16GB / mounted on /data 6 ext2 200MB /boot <============================ 7 ext4 18GB jolicloud 2 FAT32 8GB windows/D recover ``` Bovenstaand is in volgorde op de disk. # Zbox # Partities OCZ Onyx Series SATA II 32 GB SSD ``` 1. /boot 200MB 2. swap 1GB 3. Xbmc 8GB 4. ext. part. 5. XbmcFreak 6GB 6. OS 11.4 8GB / 7. OS 12.1 6GB / 8. (parted) print Model: ATA OCZ-ONYX (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 32.0GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 206MB 204MB primary ext2 type=83 2 206MB 1283MB 1078MB primary linux-swap(v1) type=82 3 1283MB 9870MB 8587MB primary ext4 type=83 4 9871MB 32.0GB 22.1GB extended boot, lba, type=0f 5 9871MB 16.3GB 6439MB logical ext4 type=83 6 16.3GB 24.9GB 8587MB logical ext4 type=83 7 24.9GB 32.0GB 7105MB logical ext4 type=83 #fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 32.0 GB, 32017047552 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62533296 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000dc891 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 401407 199680 83 Linux /dev/sda2 401408 2506751 1052672 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 2506752 19277823 8385536 83 Linux /dev/sda4 * 19279870 62509055 21614593 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 19279872 31856639 6288384 83 Linux /dev/sda6 31858688 48629759 8385536 83 Linux /dev/sda7 48631808 62509055 6938624 83 Linux ``` # Hpspil - [partitions hpspil](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions-hpspil) # Partitions hpspil /dev/sda 112 gb `1 105 gb ntfs` `2   7 gb ntfs` `1 65 GB ntfs c: windows` `4 38 GB ext4 /` `3 1  GB swap` `2 7  GB ntfs resque` # Cpu3972 - [partitions cpu3972](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions-cpu3972) - [repos cpu3972](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/repos-cpu3972) # Samsie - [specs samsie](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/specs-samsie) - [partitions samsie](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions-samsie) - [grub samsie](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/mediawiki-import/page/grub-samsie) - [repos](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/repos) - [fix grub](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/fix-grub) # Partitions samsie ``` sda1: swap sda2: / btrfs UUID=.....3858 sda3: /home xfs UUID=.....ce29 OLD: 1. systeem? 100mb ntfs (of 22gb?) 2. c: 230GB ntfs 3. d: 343GB ntfs 4. systeempartitie 22GB ntfs sda1 100MB ntfs system sda2 230GB ntfs c: mounted on /mnt/sda2 sda3 343GB extended partition sda4 22GB ntfs samsung recovery sda5 30GB ext4 / root partition sda6 2GB swap sda7 311GB fat32 /data ```
![](samsie.png "samsie.png")
samsie.png
# WeTab - [partitions WeTab](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/partitions-wetab) - [bootloader WeTab](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/bootloader-wetab) - [repos WeTab](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/mediawiki-import/page/repos-wetab) - [other WeTab](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/archief/page/other-wetab) # Partitions cpu3972 ``` cpu3972:/home/pvdm # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x7e407e40 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 81931499 40965718+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 81931500 123877213 20972857 7 btrfs <== openSUSE 12.1 /dev/sda3 * 123877376 488396799 182259712 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 123879424 124278783 199680 83 Linux <== boot; MBR wijst ook hier naar toe. MASTER grub /dev/sda6 124280832 128471039 2095104 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda7 128473088 170418175 20972544 83 Linux <== openSUSE 11.4 / /dev/sda8 170420224 488376319 158978048 83 Linux <== data cpu3972:/home/pvdm # mount | grep sda | sort /dev/sda1 on /windows/C type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,default_permissions,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda2 on /windows/D type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,default_permissions,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda5 on /boot type ext2 (rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1) <== NOT MEER GEMOUNT /dev/sda7 on / type ext4 (rw,noatime,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered) /dev/sda8 on /data type ext4 (rw,noatime,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered) ``` # Amd64 - [hardware](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/hardware) - [disks](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/disks) - [lsmod](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/lsmod) - [lspci](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/lspci) Per 20220917: `10:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK208B [GeForce GT 730] (rev a1)` # Hwinfo akoya wireless: RT2860 Ralink # Specs samsie ### TECHNISCHE SPECIFICATIES VAN DE SAMSUNG RV720-S02NL
**Product**
Fabrikantcode
Artikelnummer
Garantie
Garantietype
**Processor**
Processor
Processornummer
Processorkernen
Kloksnelheid
**Geheugen**
Intern RAM-geheugen
Type geheugen
**Harde schijf**
Opslagcapaciteit
Type harde schijf
Hardeschijfsnelheid
Aantal schijven (intern)
**Beeldscherm**
Schermdiagonaal
Schermdiagonaal
Resolutie
Schermtype
Type beeldscherm
High Definition
3D
Touchscreen
**Videokaart**
Videokaartfamilie
Type videokaart
Videogeheugen
**Optische drive**
DVD-speler/brander
Blu-ray
**Communicatie**
Ethernetsnelheid
Wi-Fi
Wifi-standaard
Bluetooth
RJ11 Modem
Ingebouwde 3G modem
**Audio**
Microfoon intern
**Camera**
Webcam
Webcam resolutie
**Bediening**
Toetsenbordindeling
Backlit toetsenbord
Numeriek keypad
Touchpad
Multi-Touch
**Aansluitingen**
e-SATA
ExpressCard
HDMI
Aantal USB-poorten
USB-versie
VGA
3,5 mm Audio
3,5 mm Microfoon
Geheugenkaartlezer
**Beveiliging**
Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
Vingerafdruksensor
**Accu**
Accu
Aantal cellen
**Software**
Besturingssysteem
Versie besturingssysteem
Taal besturingssysteem
**Fysieke eigenschappen**
Lengte
Breedte
Dikte
Gewicht
Gewicht
Kleur
**Overige**
Merk
Gebruik
# Specs lap088 ## Specificaties HP EliteBook 8530p
**Algemeen**
Merk
Productnaam
Productcode
EAN code
Toegevoegd op
Processor / Chipset / Geheugen
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
Processor - Type Intel Core 2 Duo P8800
Processor - Klokfrequentie 2,66 GHz
Chipset Intel PM45
Geheugen capaciteit 2 GB
Type geheugen DDR2
SODIMM sloten 2
Geheugen uitbreidbaar tot 8 GB
Graphics
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
Type videokaart ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3650
Videogeheugen - Hoeveelheid 256 MB
Scherm - Afmeting 15,4 inch
Scherm - Resolutie 1680x1050
DVI-uitgang
VGA-uitgang
HDMI-uitgang
Opslag
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
Harddisk/SSD - Capaciteit 250 GB
Harddisk/SSD - Toerental 7.200 rpm
DVD branden
Connectiviteit
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
LAN - Snelheid 1.000 Mbit/s
WLAN - Standaard 802.11n
Modem
Bluetooth
Infrarood
HSDPA/UMTS
Audio
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
Geïntegreerde microfoon
Aansluitingen
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
PC-Card Type II 0
Smartcard
USB 2.0 4
FireWire - Totaal 1
eSATA 1
Aansluiting dockingstation
Overige Hardware
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
Ingebouwde webcam
Maten en gewichten
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
Gewicht - Incl. accu 2,86 kg
Afmeting - Breedte 35,5 cm
Afmeting - Diepte 26,3 cm
Software
Zoek producten op basis van specificatie
Besturingssysteem Microsoft Windows Vista Business
# Lapx - [specs lapx](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/specs-lapx) - [partitions lapx](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions-lapx) - [grub lapx](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/mediawiki-import/page/grub-lapx) - [repos lapx](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/repos-lapx) # My setup - [Amplifier JVC MCA-V7](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/audio/page/amplifier-jvc-mca-v7) # Specs lapx Elitebook 8570 ???? screen: Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current **1600 x 900,**maximum 16384 x 16384 LVDS connected primary 1600x900+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) **345mm x 194mm** diameter: **15,8** inch dpi: **116** SSD: mtfddak256mam-1k12 # Tecra - [system info tecra](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/system-info-tecra) - [how to get into bios-setup](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/how-to-get-into-bios-setup) - [partitions tecra](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions-tecra) - [performance harddisk](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/performance-harddisk) BIOS: when keyboardlight comes on, press and hold F2 # Partitions lapx ``` tumbleweed:~ # fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000c3032 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 2048 4208639 4206592 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 * 4208640 109064893 104856254 50G 83 Linux /dev/sda3 827269120 976773119 149504000 71.3G f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda4 211466240 827269119 615802880 293.7G 83 Linux /data xfs /dev/sda5 827271168 913856511 86585344 41.3G 83 Linux / (tumbleweed, btrfs) /dev/sda6 913858560 976752639 62894080 30G 83 Linux /home (tumbleweed, xfs) Partition table entries are not in disk order. ``` # Partitions tecra ## partitions ``` sda1: 450mb recovery sda2: 99mb sda3: 100bytes erg kleinpartitietije sda4: 50GB C: ----- sda5: 2GB swap sda6: 27GB / sda7: 40GB /home ``` ## hdparm ``` tecra:~ # hdparm -I /dev/sda /dev/sda: ATA device, with non-removable media Model Number: TOSHIBA THNSNK128GVN8 Serial Number: 17CS14H7T8GT Firmware Revision: K8TA4101 Transport: Serial, ATA8-AST, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0 Standards: Supported: 10 9 8 7 6 5 Likely used: 10 Configuration: Logical max current cylinders 16383 16383 heads 16 16 sectors/track 63 63 -- CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064 LBA user addressable sectors: 250069680 LBA48 user addressable sectors: 250069680 Logical Sector size: 512 bytes Physical Sector size: 4096 bytes Logical Sector-0 offset: 0 bytes device size with M = 1024*1024: 122104 MBytes device size with M = 1000*1000: 128035 MBytes (128 GB) cache/buffer size = unknown Form Factor: unknown (0x0007] Nominal Media Rotation Rate: Solid State Device Capabilities: LBA, IORDY(can be disabled) Queue depth: 32 Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16 Advanced power management level: 128 DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 *udma5 Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4 Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns Commands/features: Enabled Supported: * SMART feature set Security Mode feature set * Power Management feature set * Write cache * Look-ahead * Host Protected Area feature set * WRITE_BUFFER command * READ_BUFFER command * NOP cmd * DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE * Advanced Power Management feature set SET_MAX security extension * 48-bit Address feature set * Device Configuration Overlay feature set * Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE * FLUSH_CACHE_EXT * SMART error logging * SMART self-test * General Purpose Logging feature set * WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT * 64-bit World wide name * WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command * {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands * Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE * Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s) * Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s) * Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s) * Native Command Queueing (NCQ) * Phy event counters * READ_LOG_DMA_EXT equivalent to READ_LOG_EXT * DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization * Device-initiated interface power management * Software settings preservation Device Sleep (DEVSLP) * SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set * SCT Write Same (AC2) * SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3) * SCT Features Control (AC4) * SCT Data Tables (AC5) * reserved 69[3] * DOWNLOAD MICROCODE DMA command * SET MAX SETPASSWORD/UNLOCK DMA commands * WRITE BUFFER DMA command * READ BUFFER DMA command * DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET/IDENTIFY DMA commands * Data Set Management TRIM supported (limit 8 blocks) * Deterministic read ZEROs after TRIM Security: Master password revision code = 65534 supported not enabled not locked not frozen not expired: security count supported: enhanced erase 2min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 2min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT. Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 500080d9109a2088 NAA : 5 IEEE OUI : 00080d Unique ID : 9109a2088 Device Sleep: DEVSLP Exit Timeout (DETO): 50 ms (drive) Minimum DEVSLP Assertion Time (MDAT): 10 ms (drive) Checksum: correct ``` # System info tecra tecra z50-c-14t # Asus f2a85-v CPU Chipset Geheugen Grafische Ondersteuning Multi-GPU Uitbreidingsslots Opslag LAN Audio AMD Socket FM2 Athlon™/A- Series Processors Supports CPU up to 4 cores Supports AMD® Turbo Core 3.0 Technology AMD A85X FCH(Hudson D4) 4 x DIMM, Max. 64GB, DDR3 2400(O.C.)/2250(O.C.)/2200(O.C.)/2133(O.C.)/2000(O.C.)/1866/1600/1333/1 066 MHz Non-ECC, Un-buffered Memory Dual Channel Memory Architecture - Refer to www.asus.com or this user manual for the Memory QVL (Qualified Vendors Lists). Support AMD Memory Profile (AMP) memory - Due to OS limitation, when installing total memory of 4GB capacity or more, Windows® 32-bit operation system may only recognize less than 3GB. Install a 64-bit WindowsWindows® OS when you want to install 4GB or more memory on the motherboard. - The Max. 64GB memory capacity can be supported with DIMMs of 16GB (or above). ASUS will update QVL once the DIMMs are available on the market. Integrated AMD Radeon™ HD 7000 Series Graphics in Aseries APU Multi-VGA output support : HDMI/DVI/RGB ports - Supports HDMI with max. resolution 1920 x 1080 @ 60 Hz - Supports DVI with max. resolution 2560 x 1600 @ 60 Hz - Supports RGB with max. resolution 1920 x 1600 @ 60 Hz Maximum shared memory of 2048 MB AMD® Dual Graphics technology support \* Supports DirectX 11 Supports AMD CrossFireX™ Technology 2 x PCIe 2.0 x16 (x16/x4) 2 x PCIe 2.0 x1 3 x PCI AMD A85X FCH(Hudson D4) chipset : 7 x SATA 6Gb/s ports (gray), gray 1 x SATA 6.0 Gb/s ports, red Support Raid 0, 1, 5, 10, JBOD Qualcomm Atheros, 1 x Gigabit LAN Controller Realtek® ALC887 8-Channel High Definition Audio CODEC - Supports : Jack-detection, Multi-streaming, Front Panel Jack-retasking Audio Feature : - Optical S/PDIF out port(s) at back panel # Commodore64 - [video output info](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/video-output-info) # Hupsie - [partitions-hupsie](https://www.reeltoreel.nl/bookstack/books/homelab/page/partitions-hupsie) # Asus P5Q Pro ``` [root]@amd64:~ # lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset DRAM Controller (rev 03) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port (rev 03) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 00:1a.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 00:1a.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #6 00:1a.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) PCI Express Root Port 1 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) PCI Express Root Port 6 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 00:1d.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 00:1d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 00:1d.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 90) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801JIR (ICH10R) LPC Interface Controller 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) SATA AHCI Controller 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) SMBus Controller 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation G72 [GeForce 7500 LE] (rev a1) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 Gigabit or Fast Ethernet (rev b0) [root]@amd64:~ # ``` # Hardware 20250404 ``` # inxi -F System: Host: amd64 Kernel: 6.14.0-lp156.4.g37149af-default arch: x86_64 bits: 64 Console: pty pts/2 Distro: openSUSE Leap 15.6 Machine: Type: Desktop System: Gigabyte product: B550M K v: -CF serial: N/A Mobo: Gigabyte model: B550M K v: x.x serial: N/A BIOS: American Megatrends LLC. v: FD date: 03/22/2024 CPU: Info: 6-core model: AMD Ryzen 5 5600G with Radeon Graphics bits: 64 type: MT MCP cache: L2: 3 MiB Speed (MHz): avg: 2506 min/max: 400/4465 cores: 1: 2367 2: 2367 3: 2367 4: 2367 5: 2367 6: 2367 7: 2367 8: 3443 9: 2967 10: 2367 11: 2367 12: 2367 Graphics: Device-1: AMD Cezanne [Radeon Vega Series / Radeon Mobile Series] driver: amdgpu v: kernel Display: server: X.org v: 1.21.1.11 with: Xwayland v: 24.1.1 driver: X: loaded: amdgpu unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa dri: radeonsi gpu: amdgpu resolution: 1920x1080~60Hz API: OpenGL v: 4.5 Mesa 23.3.4 renderer: llvmpipe (LLVM 17.0.6 256 bits) Audio: Device-1: AMD Renoir Radeon High Definition Audio driver: snd_hda_intel API: ALSA v: k6.14.0-lp156.4.g37149af-default status: kernel-api Network: Device-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8211/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet driver: r8169 IF: eth2 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: 10:ff:e0:7b:18:e2 RAID: Device-1: md1 type: mdraid level: raid-5 status: active size: 7.28 TiB report: 3/3 UUU Components: Online: 3: sdb 4: sdd1 5: sda Drives: Local Storage: total: raw: 11.03 TiB usable: 7.39 TiB used: 4.95 TiB (67.0%) ID-1: /dev/sda vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB ID-2: /dev/sdb vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB ID-3: /dev/sdc vendor: TCSunBow model: X3 120GB size: 111.79 GiB ID-4: /dev/sdd vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB Partition: ID-1: / size: 50 GiB used: 38.5 GiB (77.0%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdc2 ID-2: /home size: 54.98 GiB used: 27.08 GiB (49.2%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdc4 ID-3: /opt size: 50 GiB used: 38.5 GiB (77.0%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdc2 ID-4: /var size: 50 GiB used: 38.5 GiB (77.0%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdc2 Swap: ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 6.8 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) dev: /dev/sdc3 Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 28.8 C mobo: 27.0 C gpu: amdgpu temp: 24.0 C Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A Info: Processes: 380 Uptime: 3h 58m Memory: available: 14.99 GiB used: 2.25 GiB (15.0%) Shell: Bash inxi: 3.3.27 ``` 20240714 ``` amd64:~ # inxi -C CPU: Info: 6-core model: AMD Ryzen 5 5600G with Radeon Graphics bits: 64 type: MT MCP cache: L2: 3 MiB Speed (MHz): avg: 1046 min/max: 400/4464 cores: 1: 2989 2: 400 3: 400 4: 400 5: 400 6: 400 7: 2974 8: 400 9: 400 10: 400 11: 400 12: 2994 amd64:~ # inxi -F System: Host: amd64 Kernel: 6.9.7-lp155.2.ga5efffa-default arch: x86_64 bits: 64 Console: pty pts/2 Distro: openSUSE Leap 15.6 Machine: Type: Desktop System: Micro-Star product: MS-7B89 v: 1.0 serial: N/A Mobo: Micro-Star model: B450M MORTAR MAX (MS-7B89) v: 1.0 serial: K616819209 BIOS: American Megatrends LLC. v: 2.K0 date: 10/20/2023 CPU: Info: 6-core model: AMD Ryzen 5 5600G with Radeon Graphics bits: 64 type: MT MCP cache: L2: 3 MiB Speed (MHz): avg: 616 min/max: 400/4464 cores: 1: 400 2: 400 3: 400 4: 400 5: 400 6: 400 7: 400 8: 400 9: 400 10: 400 11: 2993 12: 400 Graphics: Device-1: AMD Cezanne [Radeon Vega Series / Radeon Mobile Series] driver: amdgpu v: kernel Display: server: X.org v: 1.21.1.11 with: Xwayland v: 23.2.4 driver: X: loaded: amdgpu unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa dri: radeonsi gpu: amdgpu resolution: 1920x1080~60Hz API: OpenGL v: 4.5 Mesa 23.3.4 renderer: llvmpipe (LLVM 17.0.6 256 bits) Audio: Device-1: AMD Renoir Radeon High Definition Audio driver: snd_hda_intel Device-2: Focusrite-Novation Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 2nd Gen driver: snd-usb-audio type: USB API: ALSA v: k6.9.7-lp155.2.ga5efffa-default status: kernel-api Network: Device-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8211/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet driver: r8169 IF: eth1 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: 2c:f0:5d:5b:ce:91 RAID: Device-1: md1 type: mdraid level: raid-5 status: active size: 7.28 TiB report: 3/3 UUU Components: Online: 3: sdb 4: sda1 5: sdc Drives: Local Storage: total: raw: 11.03 TiB usable: 7.39 TiB used: 4.96 TiB (67.1%) ID-1: /dev/sda vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB ID-2: /dev/sdb vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB ID-3: /dev/sdc vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB ID-4: /dev/sdd vendor: TCSunBow model: X3 120GB size: 111.79 GiB Partition: ID-1: / size: 50 GiB used: 35.58 GiB (71.2%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdd2 ID-2: /home size: 54.98 GiB used: 12.23 GiB (22.2%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdd4 ID-3: /opt size: 50 GiB used: 35.58 GiB (71.2%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdd2 ID-4: /var size: 50 GiB used: 35.58 GiB (71.2%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sdd2 Swap: ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 6.8 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) dev: /dev/sdd3 ID-2: swap-2 type: file size: 9.54 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) file: /data/swap/pvdmswapfile Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 29.0 C mobo: 33.0 C gpu: amdgpu temp: 27.0 C Fan Speeds (RPM): fan-1: 0 fan-2: 1197 fan-3: 0 fan-4: 0 fan-5: 0 Info: Processes: 402 Uptime: 0h 39m Memory: available: 13.54 GiB used: 4.16 GiB (30.7%) Shell: Bash inxi: 3.3.27 ``` old: ``` amd64:~ # inxi -F System: Host: amd64 Kernel: 5.14.21-150400.24.21-default x86_64 bits: 64 Console: pty pts/0 Distro: openSUSE Leap 15.4 Machine: Type: Desktop Mobo: Micro-Star model: B450M MORTAR MAX (MS-7B89) v: 1.0 serial: K616819209 BIOS: American Megatrends LLC. v: 2.H0 date: 07/27/2022 CPU: Info: 6-Core model: AMD Ryzen 5 5500 bits: 64 type: MT MCP cache: L2: 3 MiB Speed: 1413 MHz min/max: 1400/3600 MHz Core speeds (MHz): 1: 1413 2: 1359 3: 1421 4: 1397 5: 1397 6: 1397 7: 1397 8: 1401 9: 1408 10: 1397 11: 1396 12: 1396 Graphics: Device-1: NVIDIA GK208B [GeForce GT 730] driver: nvidia v: 470.141.03 Display: server: SUSE LINUX 1.20.3 driver: loaded: nvidia unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa resolution: 1920x1080~60Hz OpenGL: renderer: llvmpipe (LLVM 11.0.1 256 bits) v: 4.5 Mesa 21.2.4 Audio: Device-1: NVIDIA GK208 HDMI/DP Audio driver: snd_hda_intel Device-2: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] Renoir Radeon High Definition Audio driver: snd_hda_intel Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.14.21-150400.24.21-default running: yes Network: Device-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet driver: r8168 IF: eth1 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: 2c:f0:5d:5b:ce:91 RAID: Device-1: md1 type: mdraid level: raid-5 status: active size: 7.28 TiB report: 3/3 UUU Components: Online: 3: sdc1 4: sdb1 5: sdd1 Drives: Local Storage: total: raw: 11.03 TiB usable: 7.39 TiB used: 4.9 TiB (66.3%) ID-1: /dev/sda vendor: TCSunBow model: X3 120GB size: 111.79 GiB ID-2: /dev/sdb vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB ID-3: /dev/sdc vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB ID-4: /dev/sdd vendor: Western Digital model: WD40EFAX-68JH4N0 size: 3.64 TiB Partition: ID-1: / size: 50 GiB used: 46.05 GiB (92.1%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sda2 ID-2: /home size: 54.98 GiB used: 6.58 GiB (12.0%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sda4 ID-3: /opt size: 50 GiB used: 46.05 GiB (92.1%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sda2 ID-4: /tmp size: 50 GiB used: 46.05 GiB (92.1%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sda2 ID-5: /var size: 50 GiB used: 46.05 GiB (92.1%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sda2 Swap: ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 6.8 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) dev: /dev/sda3 ID-2: swap-2 type: file size: 9.54 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) file: /data/swap/pvdmswapfile Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 26.0 C mobo: 31.0 C Fan Speeds (RPM): fan-1: 0 fan-2: 1566 fan-3: 0 fan-4: 0 fan-5: 0 Info: Processes: 310 Uptime: 0h 44m Memory: 15.5 GiB used: 1.62 GiB (10.5%) Shell: Bash inxi: 3.3.07 OLD:======================= Base Board Information Manufacturer: ASRock Product Name: FM2A88M Pro3+ Version: Serial Number: M80-A3022300574 Processor Information Socket Designation: CPUSocket Type: Central Processor Family: A-Series Manufacturer: AMD ID: 31 0F 61 00 FF FB 8B 17 Signature: Family 21, Model 19, Stepping 1 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) HTT (Multi-threading) Version: AMD A8-6600K APU with Radeon(tm) HD Graphics Voltage: 1.3 V External Clock: 100 MHz Max Speed: 3900 MHz Current Speed: 3900 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket FM2 L1 Cache Handle: 0x0008 L2 Cache Handle: 0x0009 L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Part Number: Not Specified Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 4 Characteristics: 64-bit capable ``` # Linux performance monitoring # Linux performance basics I want to write about Cassandra performance tuning, but first I need to cover some basics: how to use vmstat, iostat, and top to understand what part of your system is the bottleneck -- not just for Cassandra but for any system. # vmstat You will typically run vmstat with "vmstat sampling-period", e.g., "vmstat 5." The output looks like this: ``` procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 20 0 195540 32772 6952 576752 0 0 11 12 38 43 1 0 99 0 22 2 195536 35988 6680 575132 6 0 2952 14 959 16375 72 21 4 3 ``` The first line is your total system average since boot; typically this will not be very useful, since you are interested in what is causing problems NOW. Then you will get one line per sample period; most of the output is self explanatory. The reason to start with vmstat is the "swap" section: si and so are swap in (memory read from disk) and swap out (memory written to disk). Remember that a little swapping is normal, particularly during application startup: by default, Linux will swap infrequently used pages of application memory to disk to free up more room for disk caching, even if there is enough ram to accommodate all applications. # iostat To get more details of io, use iostat -x. Again, you want to give it a sampling interval, and ignore the first set of output. iostat also gives you some cpu information but top does that better; let's focus on the Device section: ``` Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 9.80 0.20 36.60 0.40 5326.40 4.80 144.09 0.06 1.62 1.41 5.20 ``` There are 3 easy ways to tell if a disk is a probable bottleneck here, and none of them show up without the -x flag, so get in the habit of using that. "avgqu-sz" is the size of the io request queue; if it is large, there are lots of requests waiting in line. "await" is how long (in ms) the average request took to be satisfied (including time enqueued); recall that on non-SSDs, a single seek is between 5 and 10ms. Finally, "%util" is Linux's guess at how fully saturated the device is. # top To learn more about per-process CPU and memory usage, use "top." I won't paste top output here because everyone is so familiar with it, but I will mention a few useful things to know: - "P" and "M" toggle between sorting by cpu usage and sorting by memory usage - "1" toggles breaking down the CPU summary by CPU core - SHR (shared memory) is included in RES (resident memory) - Amount of memory belonging to a process that has been swapped out is VIRT - RES - a state (S column) of D means the process (or thread, see below) is waiting for disk or network i/o - "steal" is how much CPU the hypervisor is giving to another VM in a virtual environment; as virtual provisioning becomes more common, avoiding noisy neighbors is increasingly important "top -H" will split out individual threads into their own lines; both per-process and per-thread views are useful. The per-thread view is particularly useful when dealing with Java applications since you can easily correlate them with thread names from the JVM to see which threads are consuming your CPU. Briefly, you take the PID (thread ID) from top, convert it to hex -- e.g., "python -c 'print hex(12345)'" -- and match it with the corresponding thread ID from jstack. Now you can troubleshoot with a process like: "Am I swapping? If so, what processes are using all the memory? If my application makes a lot of disk read requests, are my reads being cached or are they actually hitting the disk? If I am hitting the disk, is it saturated? How much 'hot data' can I have before I run out of cache room? Are any/all of my cpu cores maxed? Which threads are actually using the CPU? Which threads spend most of their time waiting for i/o?" Then if you go to ask for help tuning something, you can show that you've done your homework. Posted by Jonathan Ellis